Train Travel in Spain: Your Comprehensive Guide
Train travel in Spain offers a convenient and scenic way to explore the diverse landscapes and rich cultural heritage of the country.
Spain’s extensive rail network, operated mainly by Renfe, connects major cities with high-speed AVE trains, making it possible to traverse the country quickly and comfortably. Regional trains serve smaller towns and rural areas, offering a glimpse into Spain’s varied geography and local life.
The trains are known for their punctuality, comfort, and modern amenities, providing a pleasant travel experience. Whether you’re journeying from the bustling streets of Madrid to the architectural wonders of Barcelona, or venturing into the heart of Andalusia, train travel in Spain is an efficient and enjoyable way to see the country.
With its combination of speed, comfort, and picturesque routes, it’s an ideal choice for travelers looking to immerse themselves in the Spanish experience.
Disclaimer: As an affiliate partner, we might earn from qualifying purchases – any links on this page that go to a holiday park booking platform might earn us a commission if you make a purchase. This is at no additional cost to you.
Overview of Train Travel in Spain
Spain offers an extensive railway network, allowing you to efficiently travel across the country.
The nation-state-owned railway company, Renfe (Red Nacional de los Ferrocarriles Españoles), operates the majority of services, including the high-speed AVE (Alta Velocidad Española) trains which connect major cities like Madrid, Barcelona, Seville, and Valencia.
Renfe also introduced Avlo, a low-cost, high-speed train service, to provide more economical options for passengers.
Another French operator, Ouigo, competes with Renfe by offering high-speed travel between cities such as Madrid and Barcelona.
Additionally, a new operator, Iryo, has entered the market, further expanding your choices for high-speed rail services.
| Key Train Services | Cities Connected |
|---|---|
| AVE | Madrid, Barcelona, Cordoba, Seville, Valencia, Málaga, Alicante, Lyon and Marseille (France) |
| Avlo | Madrid, Zaragoza, Barcelona |
| Ouigo | Madrid, Barcelona |
| Iryo | Madrid, Barcelona, Córdoba, Seville, Malaga, Albacete, Alicante |
When travelling between cities like Barcelona and Madrid, high-speed trains offer a great alternative to air travel with competitive journey times and a reduced environmental impact.
For a more scenic route, you can go on one of the slower regional trains. You’re encouraged to book your tickets in advance, especially for the high-speed services, as they often sell out quickly.
🚄 Search for Train Tickets Here 🚄
High-speed trains like AVE and Avlo require seat reservations and offer amenities such as Wi-Fi and seat service.
Types of Trains and Services
High-Speed AVE Trains
The Alta Velocidad Española (AVE) is your go-to for high-speed travel across Spain, reaching speeds of up to 350 km/h (217 mph).
These services efficiently and comfortably connect major cities such as Madrid, Barcelona, and Seville.
AVE trains feature a range of classes, including Turista (Standard), Turista Plus (Premium Economy), and Preferente (First Class), where travellers can enjoy amenities like spacious seating and meal services.
Long-Distance Trains
For travels spanning the country’s different regions, long-distance trains offer various routes that AVE might not serve.
InterCity and Euromed trains fall under this category, providing a balance between speed and comfort, linking distant cities with fewer stops than regional services.
Medium Distance and Avant Trains
Medium Distance (Media Distancia) trains, and Avant services cover shorter routes, perfect for travelling between neighbouring cities and regions.
These are often your best option for inter-regional travel, offering frequent departures and a reliable service.
Avant trains, a type of medium-distance service, operate on high-speed tracks for a portion of their journey, delivering a faster experience.
Local Cercanías and Intercity Trains
Cercanías refers to suburban trains serving larger city outskirts and nearby areas, perfect for daily commuting.
On the other hand, Intercity trains offer a comfortable alternative for local travel with amenities suitable for longer distances within the same region or to nearby ones.
🚄 Search for Train Tickets Here 🚄
Night and International Trains
For longer journeys or a trip to neighbouring countries, night trains provide sleeper options that let you travel by night to wake up at your destination rested and ready to explore.
International trains connect to the wider European rail network for trips beyond Spain’s borders so you can easily journey to France, Portugal, and beyond.
Train Tickets and Reservations
When travelling by train in Spain, it’s essential to understand the process of purchasing tickets and making reservations to streamline your journey.
Purchasing Tickets Online
You can buy train tickets online through the official website of Renfe, the national railway company.
The process is straightforward: select your journey’s starting and ending points, choose the train type and class, and complete the purchase with your contact details. Ensure you print your ticket or download it to your mobile device.
Types of Tickets
Spain’s rail service offers different types of tickets for all types of travellers.
The Básico ticket is the most affordable option, while the Turista and Turista Plus provide a higher level of comfort.
For a luxurious experience, opt for the Preferente class, which may include additional services like meals.
Discounts and Passes
Several discounts are available:
- Children under 14 years receive a direct 40% discount on train tickets.
- Infants under 4 years usually travel for free but need a ‘free infant ticket’.
- The Renfe Spain Pass is beneficial for non-residents planning multiple trips, offering flexibility and savings.
- A Combinado Cercanías ticket includes trips on local Cercanías trains.
Making Reservations
Making reservations is necessary to ensure a seat on long-distance and high-speed trains.
Note that some passes require you to make free reservations in advance for specific trains. Always check the required reservations details before your trip.
Major Train Routes and Destinations
When you travel by train in Spain, you can enjoy fast, comfortable, and scenic journeys between key cities.
The Alta Velocidad Española (AVE) network connects major destinations with high-speed services, substantially reducing travel times.
Madrid to Barcelona
The route from Madrid to Barcelona is one of Spain’s most frequented AVE lines.
Here, travel time is approximately 2.5 hours to 3.25 hours for the roughly 615-kilometre journey.
Trains depart from Madrid Puerta de Atocha station and arrive at Barcelona Sants station, allowing you to explore two of Spain’s most vibrant cities with minimal hassle.
- Travel Time: 2.5 – 3.25 hours
- Key Stations: Madrid Puerta de Atocha, Barcelona Sants
🚄 Book Madrid to Barcelona Tickets 🚄
Barcelona to Valencia
Heading south from Barcelona to Valencia, the journey takes about 3 hours, linking Catalonia with the Valencian Community.
- Travel Time: ~3 hours
- Key Stations: Barcelona Sants, Valencia Joaquín Sorolla
🚄 Book Barcelona to Valencia Tickets 🚄
Madrid to Seville
The Madrid to Seville line is another popular high-speed AVE route, connecting the capital to the heart of Andalusia in around 2.5 hours.
Seville’s rich history and culture are easily accessible from Madrid, making it a perfect destination for a short getaway.
- Travel Time: ~2.5 hours
- Key Stations: Madrid Puerta de Atocha, Seville Santa Justa
🚄 Book Madrid to Seville Tickets 🚄
Train Stations and Facilities
In Spain, you will find an extensive network of train stations equipped with a variety of services and facilities designed to make your travel experience smooth and comfortable.
Whether you’re travelling from a major city centre or a smaller regional destination, accessibility and convenience are prioritised.
Major Stations in Spain
- Madrid Puerta de Atocha: As the largest railway station in Madrid, it serves as the primary station for commuter trains (Cercanías), intercity, regional and high-speed AVE trains. A focal point for Spanish rail travel, it connects numerous national destinations and also offers international services.
- Barcelona Sants: This is the main railway station in Barcelona and the city’s principal transport hub for national and international connections. It’s a vital station for the high-speed train network, particularly for services linking Spain to France.
- Sevilla Santa Justa: This is the third-busiest station in Spain and the primary station for high-speed rail in Andalusia, connecting you to destinations like Madrid and Barcelona with great efficiency.
- Valencia Joaquín Sorolla: For high-speed rail services, this station serves Valencia, with numerous AVE trains connecting it to major Spanish cities.
Station Services and Accessibility
Facilities Offered:
- Ticketing Services: Each station provides ticketing kiosks and counters where you can purchase or collect pre-booked tickets.
- Waiting Areas: Comfortable and ample seating areas are available, ensuring you can wait for your trains in a relaxed environment.
- Dining: From fast-food outlets to sit-down restaurants, a range of dining options cater to different tastes and needs.
- Retail Shops: Whether you need travel essentials or wish to browse local goods, the shops at these stations offer a wide selection of items.
- Information Desks: To assist you with any queries, information desks are readily accessible and staffed with knowledgeable personnel.
Accessibility:
- Stations are equipped with facilities to aid passengers with reduced mobility, including lifts, ramps, and dedicated assistance services.
- Clear signage and announcements in Spanish and English are present to guide you smoothly through the stations.
Luggage and Accessibility
When travelling by train in Spain, familiarise yourself with the luggage policy to ensure a smooth trip.
Spanish trains generally allow each passenger to carry free of charge a maximum of three pieces of baggage, the sum of which should not exceed 290 cm in total, and individual items should not weigh more than 25 kg.
Baggage Allowance
- Personal Item: 1 item such as a handbag or laptop bag
- Main Baggage: 2 items, each not exceeding 85 x 55 x 35 cm
- Total Combined Dimensions: Not to exceed 290 cm
- Maximum Weight per Item: Up to 25 kg
Your luggage will need to go through an x-ray security screening before boarding. Just like at airports, this is a quick process aimed at ensuring the safety of all passengers.
You might be subject to a fine if your luggage exceeds the stipulated allowance. To avoid any inconvenience, checking with the train operator before your journey is recommended.
Accessibility
All major stations and most trains are well-equipped for passengers with mobility issues.
There are dedicated spaces for wheelchairs, and assistance is available if you need help getting on or off the train.
Inform the train service ahead of your travel to arrange any necessary assistance and ensure a comfortable journey.
Rail Operators and Competition
Renfe, the national train operator, has long been the main provider of railway services. However, with the market opening up, competition is intensifying.
Renfe operates a variety of services, including the high-speed AVE trains and the more economical Avlo service, which is a low-cost high-speed train option aimed at making fast travel more accessible.
Ouigo, a subsidiary of the French SNCF, is now competing directly with Renfe’s Avlo by offering similar low-cost high-speed train services.
Ouigo Spain operates on high-speed lines connecting major cities such as Madrid, Barcelona, and Valencia. This brand is particularly focused on the affordability and efficiency of its services.
Another new competitor is Iryo, a direct high-speed luxury rival.
Like Ouigo and Renfe, it serves key high-speed routes, promoting competition over the main lines of the Spanish rail network.
| Operator | Service Type | Routes Covered |
|---|---|---|
| Renfe | High-speed (AVE, Avlo) | Nationwide |
| Ouigo Spain | Low-cost high-speed | Madrid-Barcelona, Madrid-Valencia |
| Iryo | High-speed | Major high-speed routes |
Tips for Travelling by Train in Spain
When exploring Spain, travelling by train is a convenient and efficient option. Spanish trains are known for being punctual.
To secure cheap train tickets, book in advance. Fares are typically lower when purchased ahead of time.
Consider using Renfe’s Spain Pass for multiple trips, which can offer savings if you plan to travel extensively by train across the country.
Trains in Spain vary from high-speed lines, like the AVE, which connects major cities swiftly, to regional trains that offer a closer view of the countryside.
Here’s a brief overview to help you navigate train travel in Spain:
- Booking Tickets: Purchase early for the best deals. Use Renfe’s official website or app for convenience.
- Train Types:
- AVE: High-speed service between major cities.
- Alvia and Avant: Mid-range speeds, broader network.
- Regional: Cost-effective, connects local destinations.
- Seating Options: Select from Turista (economy), Preferente (first class), or Club (premium) based on your comfort preference.
- Travel Times: High-speed trains significantly reduce travel time, making it preferable for longer distances.
- Station Navigation: Arrive early, especially in larger stations, to find your platform without stress.
- Luggage: Pack light if possible, as storage space can be limited, and there are usually no luggage fees.
Remember to keep your ticket handy, as it’s often checked upon entering the platform and during the journey.
Enjoy the scenic routes and the comfort of train travel as you explore the diverse landscapes of Spain.
International Connections and Offers
Spain offers a robust international train network that seamlessly connects you to a variety of destinations across Europe.
If you’re exploring beyond Spain’s borders, you can find several options catering to your travel needs.
France
Your journey to France is made effortless with the high-speed Renfe-SNCF, connecting major Spanish cities like Barcelona and Madrid with French cities such as Paris, Lyon, and Marseille.
Here’s a snapshot of your options:
- Barcelona to Paris: A direct high-speed service.
- Madrid to Marseille: Connect through Barcelona.
🚄 Book Barcelona to Paris Tickets 🚄
Portugal
The picturesque landscapes of Portugal are within reach via the Lusitania night train that runs from Madrid to Lisbon, offering both comfort and convenience.
🚄 Book Madrid to Lisbon Tickets 🚄
Interrail Passes:
If your travel plans include multiple countries, consider the Interrail Global Pass. It offers flexible travel days across Spain and other European nations.
- Available for various durations.
- Special discounts for youth and seniors.
Euskotren
For regional connections, especially in the Basque Country, Euskotren provides a reliable service that includes international links with France.
The following table summarises the international train offers from Spain:
| Destination | Train Service | Key Routes | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| France | Renfe-SNCF | Barcelona to Paris, Madrid to Marseille | High-speed connections |
| Portugal | Lusitania | Madrid to Lisbon | Night train service |
| Multiple EU Countries | Interrail Global Pass | Flexible network access | Discounts available |
| France (Regional) | Euskotren | Regional Basque Country into France | Local immersion |
